Discrepancies in the Microbiological Analysis of Foods: Causes and Resolutions

J. David Legan, Laurie Post, Christina Barnes, Amanda Brookhouser-Sisney, W. Evan Chaney, Purvi Chatterjee, Nisha Corrigan, Daniel R. Demarco, Thomas Hammack, Kristen A. Hunt, Ryan D. Maus, Sophie Pierre, Patricia Rule, Nikki Taylor, Alexandra Tudor, Julie Weller Biblographic citation: Food Protection Trends, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 300-308, Jul 2024 Volume 44, Issue 4: Pages 300–308

This article discusses the types of problematic results that can arise during microbiological testing of food and food processing environments, which potentially undermine the effectiveness of food safety programs. It outlines steps for their resolution and offers readers a structured approach for evalu-ating the multiple contributing biological, technological, and human factors. To assist in troubleshooting and identifying the root causes of these problems it gives examples of 15 common root causes. It also presents measures to prevent the recur-rence of discrepant and ambiguous results. These measures are rooted in a robust laboratory quality system incorporating validated methods, standard operating procedures, calibrated equipment, maintenance of meticulous records, proficiency testing programs, and continuing education opportunities for laboratory personnel. In conclusion, the article advocates for comprehensive risk assessment of problematic results and offers actions to strengthen the application of microbiological methods within food safety programs, in line with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s objective of preventing adul-terated food products from entering commerce.

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